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' L. P. HERRMANN.

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No. 577,657. Patented Feb. 23,'1897.

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No. 577,657. Patented Feb. 23, 1897..

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 577,657, dated February 23, 1897.

Application filed May 2 2, l 8 9 6.

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, LEO FRIEDRICH HERR- MANN, a subject of the Emperor of Austria- Hungary, residing'at Vienna, in the Province of Lower Austria, in the Empire of Austria Hungary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Doors Adapted to be Opened on Both Sides, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improved door adapted to be opened from both sides, and has special reference to car-doors. Heretofore doors of this kind have been constructed with very complicated mechanisms for dis engaging the hinges, which made these doors too expensive.

My invention provides an improved door which is cheap and simple in construction. It is the special object of the same to furnish a door in which the disengaging of the hinges 011 the one side is effected while simultaneously the hinges on the other side are secured by aid of a simple lock mechanism and by means of a simple lever work which prevents the door from falling out.

My improved mechanism may be applied to any kind or style of doors. The accompanyin g drawings illustrate a car-door.

Figure 1 shows an elevation of the mech; anism, partly in section. Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view. Fig. 3 is a cross-section. Figs. 4. to 8 represent the left upper hinge with securing device in several views and sections, and Fig. 9 is a plan view of the left up per hinge.

The drawings clearly illustrate that the mechanism consists of three essential partsthe hinges adapted to be disengaged, the door-handle with the lock mechanism, and the lever work with springs. The main parts of the construction are the hinges, which are easily disengaged. Each door is provided with four hinges, two of which are symmetrically constructed. They are situated at equal height on both sides of the door.

The mechanism on each side of the door is the same, and therefore I will describe it 011 one side only.

The hinges consist of three parts, the pivotjournals a, a which are mounted on the doorpost, the guiding-sockets b, 6 attached to the door, and the hinge-pivots d, 61 carried Serial No. 592,558. (No model.)

by lugs 0, 0 The lugs o c of the hinges on the one side of the door are mounted on a common rod or bolt f, adapted to slide in a groove near the beating-bracket e of the door, which rod is actuated by the lock mechanism. The bolt f is operated in such a manner that a cam 71, of the handle-piece h, actuated by the handle 70, engages into a recess f in the bolt f, so that by pressing down the handle the bolt or rod f is lifted, and simultaneously with this rod are moved upward the lugs 0 0 carrying with them the hingepivots d d and lifting the same out from the journals a a so that the door may now be turned about the pivots of the other side. After releasing the handle 7n the bolt or rod f returns to its original position by means of a spiral spring m, which is provided above the lug c. The spring m surrounds the bolt or rod f.

In order to make it unnecessary to operate the handle again when closing the door, the hingejournals (1 a are extended forward and are provided with an inclined sliding-surface n M, on which, while the door is closing, the hinge-bolts d d move upward and snap into the bores of the hinge-journals when the door is perfectly closed.

It is further necessary to prevent the hinges from being disengaged simultaneously on both sides, which would result in lifting the door therefrom. This might happen when two persons operate the handles each on one side of the door at the same time, or when the door is not yet perfectly closed the hinges on the other side could be disengaged, or when the door might be opened purposely on both sides. In order to prevent these accidents,

the trigger-nuts of both locks are connected by lever k and by a common bolt 19, provided in a groove of the door, so that when the one handle is pressed down the other handle is moved up.

When both handles are moved simultaneously, the bolt 19 ought to move in both directions, but that is impossible and none of the handles can be operated until oneis released.

WVhen the door is nearly closed from one side, the hinge-pivots of this side are on the highest point of the inclined surface, but they have not yet snapped into their journals. Then the bolt or rod f is lifted, while the other bolt or rod is secured against moving upward owing to the lower position of the cam 72, caused by bolt 13, whereby it is effected that the opposite handle is secured or locked. Further, it may happen that the door is not closed enough for bringing the pivots in contact with their journals, a position shown in full lines in Fig. 7. To prevent accident in this instance, each of the upper journals a a is provided with a snapping device q q, that is a double-armed lever .with shanks of different length. This lever turns on a fulcrum g and is provided with a tooth-like piece g, which fits into a recess 4 of a disk Fig. 9. The disk is fixed to the lever c or is integral therewith, so that by turning the door on one of the hinges by the oscillation of the disk the snapping device q is closed. Hereby the portion on the inner side of the journal (t rises above a wedge-like projection c of lug c and thus prevents the latter being raised.

By completely opening the door, as. shown in Fig. 7 in dotted lines, the wedge 0 slides below the snapping device q. Thereforel have made the arrangement so that the en larged lug c, which carries the upper hingepivot d, may enter into a recess a in the hinge journal at pertaining thereto before the wed ge-like part 0 leaves the snapping device q, whereby the one hinge is prevented from being disengaged, provided the door be opened.

An occasional motion of the pivoted snappingstop (1 may effect, when the door is opened, a clamping or pinching of the hinges by the closing operation. To prevent this the pivoted stop q is limited in its oscillation on the one side by the wall of the journal and on the other side bya pin 3. The stop q is brought to its normal position by the projection on disk 1", Thus any harinfully-intended operation of the device is made very difficult, the more since the single volu te spring m is located in a recess of the door and is covered by a plate 15, Fig. 8, which is integral with the lever c.

The door, further, may be protected against lifting it from the hinges by a bar closely above the same. In order to render it possible that the door may be used as a one-sided door, each lock is provided with an arresting device composed of a key 1, which is adapted to be laid down and which may be maintained in two positions by spring to. This key when turned upward, as shown in Fig. 1, central left view, engages below a cam 10 of the trigger-nut h and prevents these from turning.

The size of the different detail parts may be varied at will without departing from my invention.

Having now described my invention, what I claim therein as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a door adapted to be opened on both sides the combination of the door with disengaging hinges on both sides above and below,

pivot-journals on the door-post, rods sliding in grooves provided in the edges of the door and having lugs projecting laterally therefrom beyond the edges of the door carrying pintles which engage the pivot-journals of the door-post, said rods being actuated vertically by the locking mechanism to release the pintles when the door is opened, substantially as described.

2. In a door adapted to be opened on both sides the disengaging hinges consisting of the pivot-journals mounted on the door-post, the guiding-sockets attached to the door and the hinge-pivots carried by lugs which project laterally from the sliding bars in combination with a rod having a slot in which engages a cam actuated by the door-handle which by being pressed down lifts the rod carrying with it the hinge-pivots and lifting them from their journals so that the door may now turn about the pivots on the other side, substantially as described.

3. In a door adapted to be opened on both sides the combination of the disengaging hinges with pivot-journals on the door-post, rods sliding in grooves provided in the edges of the door and having projecting lugs with extensions, a notch-disk formed integral with the projecting lugs, pintles dependent of the rod and a snapping-stop pivoted to the frame of the pivot-journal with teeth engaging the notch of the disk, so that by turning the door on one of the hinges the notch-disk oscillates and swings the pivoted stop over the lug extension thus preventing the bar from lifting, substantially as described.

4. In a door adapted to be opened on both sides the combination of the disengaging hinges with a rod having a projecting lug with extension and a slot in which engages a cam actuated by the door-handle which by being pressed down lifts the rod and the lug carrying with it the hinge-pivots and lifting them from their journals, and a spiral spring surrounding the rod which returns the rod to its original position after the handle is released, substantially as described.

5. In a door adapted to be opened on both sides the combination of the disengaging hinges with rods sliding in grooves on the edges of the door and having projecting lugs which carry pintles, hinge-journals on the door-post which extend forward and are provided with inclined surfaces on which the pintles move upward while the door is closing and past which they snap into the bores of the journals when the door is perfectly closed,sub stantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LEO FRIEDRICH I-IERRMANN.

WVitnesses:

HARRY BELMONT, DETTLOFF MUELLER. 

